Which physical quantity is equivalent to pressure?

Pressure is defined as the force exerted per unit area. This relationship illustrates how pressure measures the intensity of a force applied over a specific surface area. The mathematical representation of this is given by the formula: Pressure (P) = Force (F) / Area (A). Thus, when we describe pressure as "force per unit area," we are effectively conveying how concentrated the force is on that specific area.

The other options pertain to entirely different physical concepts. Volume per time describes flow rate, mass per unit length involves linear density, and energy per distance is related to work done in moving an object through a distance. Each of these has its own distinct definition and unit of measure, separating them clearly from the concept of pressure.